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CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (Cont’d)
Stack Pointer (SP)
Read/Write
Reset Value: 01 FFh
The Stack Pointer is a 16-bit register which is al-
ways pointing to the next free location in the stack.
It is then decremented after data has been pushed
onto the stack and incremented before data is
popped from the stack (see Figure 11).
Since the stack is 256 bytes deep, the 8th most
significant bits are forced by hardware. Following
an MCU Reset, or after a Reset Stack Pointer in-
struction (RSP), the Stack Pointer contains its re-
set value (the SP7 to SP0 bits are set) which is the
stack higher address.
The least significant byte of the Stack Pointer
(called S) can be directly accessed by a LD in-
struction.
Note: When the lower limit is exceeded, the Stack
Pointer wraps around to the stack upper limit, with-
out indicating the stack overflow. The previously
stored information is then overwritten and there-
fore lost. The stack also wraps in case of an under-
flow.
The stack is used to save the return address dur-
ing a subroutine call and the CPU context during
an interrupt. The user may also directly manipulate
the stack by means of the PUSH and POP instruc-
tions. In the case of an interrupt, the PCL is stored
at the first location pointed to by the SP. Then the
other registers are stored in the next locations as
shown in Figure 11.
– When an interrupt is received, the SP is decre-
mented and the context is pushed on the stack.
– On return from interrupt, the SP is incremented
and the context is popped from the stack.
A subroutine call occupies two locations and an in-
terrupt five locations in the stack area.
Figure 11. Stack Manipulation Example
15 8
00000001
70
SP7 SP6 SP5 SP4 SP3 SP2 SP1 SP0
PCH
PCL
SP
PCH
PCL
SP
PCL
PCH
X
A
CC
PCH
PCL
SP
PCL
PCH
X
A
CC
PCH
PCL
SP
PCL
PCH
X
A
CC
PCH
PCL
SP
SP
Y
CALL
Subroutine
Interrupt
Event
PUSH Y POP Y IRET
RET
or RSP
@ 01FFh
@ 0100h
Stack Higher Address = 01FFh
Stack Lower Address =
0100h
- ST72334J/N 1
- ST72314J/N, ST72124J 1
- Table of Contents 2
- 2 INTRODUCTION 6
- 3 PIN DESCRIPTION 7
- (N versions) 8
- (J versions) 9
- 4 REGISTER & MEMORY MAP 13
- 5 FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY 17
- 6 DATA EEPROM 18
- Interrupt enable 21
- Latch Access Transfer 21
- 8 CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT 23
- Half carry 24
- Interrupt mask 24
- Negative 24
- Carry/borrow 24
- 00000001 25
- MAIN CLOCK 26
- CONTROLLER 26
- ■ an external source 30
- ■ an external RC oscillator 30
- LVD reset flag 32
- Clock security syst 32
- interrupt enable 32
- Watchdog reset flag 32
- 10 INTERRUPTS 33
- INTERRUPTS (Cont’d) 34
- Table 5. Interrupt mapping 34
- 11 POWER SAVING MODES 35
- 12 I/O PORTS 39
- Hardware Configuration 41
- OPEN-DRAIN OUTPUT 41
- PUSH-PULL OUTPUT 41
- Data register 8 bits 44
- Option register 8 bits 44
- I/O PORTS (Cont’d) 45
- 13 MISCELLANEOUS REGISTERS 46
- Main clock out selection 47
- CPU clock prescaler 47
- Slow mode select 47
- Must always be cleared 48
- Beep control 48
- SS mode selection 48
- SS internal mode 48
- 14 ON-CHIP PERIPHERALS 49
- Activation bit 50
- 7-bit timer (MSB to LSB) 50
- Watchdog flag 50
- WATCHDOG TIMER (Cont’d) 51
- Time base control 53
- Oscillator interrupt enable 53
- Oscillator interrupt flag 53
- clock speed) with the choice 54
- 16-BIT TIMER (Cont’d) 55
- Beginning of the sequence 56
- Sequence completed 56
- /CC[1:0]) 58
- 16-BIT FREE RUNNING 59
- OLVL2OLVL1 64
- Pulse Width Modulation cycle 65
- Input Capture Flag 1 69
- Output Compare Flag 1 69
- Timer Overflow Flag 69
- Input Capture Flag 2 69
- Output Compare Flag 2 69
- CAPTURE STROBE 77
- VR02131B 77
- Write Collision status 83
- Mode Fault flag 83
- TDRE TC RDRF IDLE OR NF FE 93
- R8 T8 - M WAKE - 94
- TIE TCIE RIE ILIE TE RE RWU 94
- First SCI Prescaler 95
- SCI Transmitter rate divisor 95
- SCI Receiver rate divisor 95
- 8-bit Extended Receive Pres 96
- 8-bit Extended Transmit Pres 96
- CH2 CH1CH3COCO 0 ADON 0 CH0 97
- ■ A/D conversion [duration: t 98
- D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 99
- COCO 0 ADON 0 CH3 CH2 CH1 CH0 99
- 15 INSTRUCTION SET 101
- Relative (Indirect) 103
- INSTRUCTION GROUPS (Cont’d) 105
- 16 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 107
- 16.6 MEMORY CHARACTERISTICS 122
- 16.6.2 EEPROM Data Memory 122
- 16.6.3 FLASH Program Memory 122
- R=10k~10MΩ 124
- UNUSED I/O PORT 128
- ADC Accuracy 139
- 17 PACKAGE CHARACTERISTICS 140
- ■ Heraeus: PD945, PD955 143
- ■ Loctite: 3615, 3298 143
- MICROCONTROLLER OPTION LIST 146
- DEVELOPMENT TOOLS (Cont’d) 148
- 18.4 ST7 APPLICATION NOTES 149
- 19 IMPORTANT NOTES 151
- 20 SUMMARY OF CHANGES 152
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